A
'A' player: Golfer with the lowest handicap
on a team.
ace: A hole-in-one.
address (setup): The positioning
of your body in relation to the ball just before starting your
swing.
airball: Missing the ball on your swing.
albatross: British term for double eagle, or three under par
on one hole.
amateur: Golfer who plays for fun not money, unlike a professional
golfer.
angle of approach: The path at which the clubhead moves into
the ball.
approach: Your shot to the green made from anywhere except the
tee.
apron (frindge): The first
cut of grass around the edge of a green, longer than the grass
on the green but shorter than the grass on the fairway.
attend: To hold and remove the flagstick as a partner putts,
usually from some distance.
away: Term used to describe the ball farthest from the hole and,
thus, next to be played.
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B
'B' player: Golfer with the second lowest handicap on a team.
back door: Back-side edge of the hole.
back lip: The edge of a bunker (sand trap) that’s farthest from
the green.
back nine: The second 9 holes of your round of golf; the front
nine is the first 9 holes.
backspin: The spins on the ball where it lands and spins back
toward the player.
backswing: The initial part of the swingwhere the clubhead moves
away and up from the ball to the transition point where it starts
back down again.
baffie: Old name for a 5-wood.
bail out: When a shot is hit away from the prime target to avoid
trouble.
balata: Material, sap from a tropical tree, used to make covers
for golf balls .
ball at rest: When the ball isn’t moving.
ball marker: Small, round object, such as a coin, used to mark
the ball’s position on the green.
ball retriever: Long pole with a scoop on the end used to collect
balls from water hazards and other undesirable spots.
ball washer: A device for cleaning balls.
banana ball: Shot that curves hugely from left to right for a
right-handed player (see slice).
bandit: See hustler.
baseball grip: To hold the club with all ten fingers on the grip.
best ball: Match game for four players; two teams of two. The
low score on each side counts as the team score on each hole.
birdie: Score of one under par on a hole.
bisque: Handicap stroke given by one player to another. Receiver
may choose which hole it is applied to.
bite: Spin that makes the ball stop or slow-down when it lands.
blade: A kind of putter or iron; When he leading edge of the
club, rather than the clubface, strikes the ball, resulting in
a low shot that tends to travel way too far (see thin or skull).
blast: Intentionally impacting the substance before the ball,
like sand, which propells the ball out of the substance.
blind shot: A shot where you can’t see the spot where you want
the ball to land.
block: Shot that flies straight but to the right of the target
for a right-handed player (see push).
bogey: Score of one stroke over par on a hole.
borrow: The amount of curve you must allow for a putt on a sloping
green.
boundary: Edge, of the golf course; Usually marked by white stakes.
brassie: Old name for a 2-wood.
break: See borrow.
British Open: National championship run by Royal and Ancient
Golf Club of St. Andrews — known in Britain as "the Open" because
it was the first one.
bulge: The curve across the face of a wooden club.
bunker: Hazard filled with sand; can be referred to as a sand
trap.
buried ball/lie: Part of the ball below the surface of the sand
in a bunker.
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C
'C' player: Golfer with the third lowest handicap on a team.
caddie: The person carrying your clubs and only one that can
give you advice during your round of golf.
caddie-master: Person in charge of caddies.
Calamity Jane: The great Bobby Jones’s putter.
carry: The distance between a ball’s takeoff and landing.
cart: Motorized vehicle used to transport golfers around the
course.
casual water: Water, other than a defined water hazard, on the
course from which you can lift your ball without penalty.
center-shafted: Putter in which the shaft is joined to the center
of the head.
character builder: Short, meaningful putt.
charting the course: To measure each hole so that you always
know how far you are from the hole.
chili-dip (chunk): A mishit
chip shot, the clubhead hitting the ground well before it hits
the ball.
chip: Very short, low-flying shot to the green.
chip-in: A holed chip.
choke: To play poorly because of self-imposed pressure.
choke down: To hold the club lower on the grip.
chunk (chili-dip): A mishit
chip shot, the clubhead hitting the ground well before it hits
the ball.
cleat: Spike on the sole of a golf shoe.
cleek: Old term for a variety of clubs.
closed face: Clubface pointed to the left, for a right-handed
player, of your target at address or impact Or clubface pointed
skyward at the top of the backswing.
closed stance: Player sets up with feet lined up to the right
of the target.
clubhouse: Main building at a golf club.
club length: Distance from the end of the grip to the bottom
of the clubhead.
collar (apron): The first cut
of grass around the edge of a green, longer than the grass on
the green but shorter than the grass on the fairway.
come-backer: The putt you have after the preceding effort finished
beyond the hole.
compression: The flattening of the ball against the clubface.
concede: To give an opponent a putt, hole, or match.
core: The center of a golf ball.
course rating: The difficulty of a course, measured
with a formula by the USGA. (NOTE: "Course Rating" is a registered
trademark of the USGA.)
cross-handed: Grip with the left hand below the right.
cross wind: Wind blowing from right to left or from left to right.
cup: Container in the hole that holds the flagstick in place.
cuppy lie: When the ball is in a cup-like depression.
cut: Score that eliminates a percentage of the field (or players)
from a tournament. Usually made after 36 holes of a 72-hole event.
cut shot: Shot that curves from left to right.
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D
dance floor: Slang for green.
dawn patrol: The players who tee off early in the day.
dead: Ball Lies in a place with no shot.
deep: High clubface from top to bottom; hitting the ball very
far.
deuce: two.
dimple: Designed depression on the cover of a golf ball.
divot: Turf displaced by the clubhead during a swing.
dogleg: Hole on which the fairway bends one way or the other.
dormant: Grass on the course is alive but not actively growing.
dormie: In match play, the player who’s winning the match by
as many holes that are left. i.e. 4 up with 4 to play.
double bogey: Score of two over par on a hole.
double eagle: Score of three under par on a hole. See also albatross.
down: Losing.
downhill lie: When your ball is lying on a down-slope towards
the hole.
downswing: The part of the swing, after the backswing, where
the clubhead is moving down, toward the ball.
DQ’d: Disqualified.
drain (sink): To make a putt.
draw: Shot that curves from right to left.
drive: Shot from teeing ground other than par-3 holes.
drive for show, putt for dough: Phrase implying that putting
is more important than driving.
driving range (practice tee): Place where you can go to practice
golf shots.
drive the green: When your drive finishes on the putting surface.
drop: Procedure by which you put the ball back into play under
many circumstances.
dub: Bad shot.
duck hook: Shot curving severely from right to left.
duffer: Bad player.
dying putt: A putt that barely reaches the hole.
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E
eagle: Score of two under par for a hole.
embedded ball: Portion of the ball is below ground.
erosion: Loss of land through water and wind damage.
etiquette: Code of conduct.
explode (blast): To play a
ball from a bunker moving a large amount of sand.
extra holes: Played when a match finishes tied.
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F
face: The front of a club or bunker.
fade: Shot that curves gently from left to right.
fairway: The closley mown surface running from tee to green.
fairway wood (metal): Any large-headed
club that’s not your driver.
fat: To strike the ground before the ball.
feather: To hit the ball softly.
first cut: Strip of short rough bordering the fairway.
first off: Golfers beginning their round before everyone else.
flag: Piece of cloth attached to the top of a flagstick.
flagstick: The stick with the flag on top, which indicates the
location of the cup.
flange: Feature of the sandwedge, behind the sole (bottom), that
creates bounce.
flat: Swing that is less upright than normal, and more around
the body than up and down.
flub: To hit the ball only a few feet.
flex: The amount of bend in a shaft.
flier: Shot, usually hit from the rough, that jumps off the clubface
and travels way too far.
fly the green: To hit a shot that lands beyond the putting surface.
follow-through: The part of the swing after the ball has been
struck.
Fore!: A warning to shout when your ball is headed toward another
player.
forged irons: Clubs made one by one, without molds.
forward press: Shift of the hands toward the target just prior
to takeaway.
foursome: A group of four playing together; a match between two
teams of two, each hitting one ball alternately.
free drop: Drop for which no penalty stroke is incurred, generally
within one club length of where the ball was.
fried egg: semi-buried lye in the sand.
fringe (apron): The first cut
of grass around the edge of a green, longer than the grass on
the green but shorter than the grass on the fairway.
frog hair: Slang for apron, fringe, or collar.
front nine: The first 9 holes of your round of golf; the second
9 holes is the back nine.
full swing: Longest swing you make.
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G
gallery: Spectators at a tournament.
gimme: A short putt that your opponent gives to you.
G.I.R. (green in regulation):
green hit in regulation number of strokes.
Golden Bear: Jack Nicklaus.
golf widow(er): Your significant other after he or she loses
you to golf.
go to school: Learning the line and pace of your putt from your
partners putt.
good-good: Reciprocal concession of short putts.
grain: The conforming direction that the grass grows. Tendency
of grass leaves to lie horizontally toward the sun.
Grand Slam: The four major championships: Masters, U.S. Open,
British Open, and PGA Championship.
graphite: Lightweight material used to make shafts and clubheads.
Great White Shark: Greg Norman.
green: The shortest-cut grass the hole is cut.
greenies: Bet won by player whose first shot finishes closest
to the hole on a par-3.
green jacket: Prize awarded to the winner of the Masters Tournament
in Augusta, Georgia.
greens fee: The cost to play a round of golf.
greenside: Close to the green.
greensome: Game in which both players on a team drive off. The
better of the two is chosen; then they alternate shots from there.
grip: Piece of rubber/leather on the end of a club; your hold
on the club.
groove: Scoring along the clubface to help control the ball.
gross score: Actual score shot before a handicap is deducted.
ground the club: Placing the clubhead behind the ball, at address,
touching the ground.
ground under repair: Area on the course being worked on by the
groundskeeper, generally marked by white lines, allowing you to
drop your ball without penalty.
gutta percha: Material used to manufacture golf balls in the
19th century.
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H
hacker: Poor player.
half: Tied hole or match.
half shot: Easily struck shot using a more club than necessary
to control trajectory.
halve: To tie a hole or match.
ham and egging: When you and partner play well on alternate holes,
forming an effective team.
handicap: A scoring tool used to rate a player and equal players
of differing abilities.
hanging lie: ball lying on a slope either above or below your
feet.
hardpan: Very firm grass or dirt.
hazard: Sand trap, lake, stream or ocean - all except sand trap
marked by red or yellow stake.
head cover: Protection for the clubhead
heel: End of the clubhead closest to the shaft.
hickory: Wood from which shafts used to be made.
high side: Area above the hole on a sloping green.
hole: 4 1/4-inch-wide target cut into the ground lined with a
cup.
hole-high (pin-high): Same
distance as the hole.
hole-in-one: See ace.
hole out: When the ball finishes in the hole.
home green: The green on the 18th hole.
honor: When you score lowest on a given hole, thus earning the
right to tee up first on the next tee.
hood: Tilting the toe end of the club toward the hole decreasing
the loft and generally producing a right-to-left shot.
hook: Shot that curves severely from right to left.
horseshoe: When ball goes around the edge of the cup and comes
back toward you.
hosel: Area where the clubhead connects with the shaft.
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I
impact: Moment when the club strikes the ball.
impediment: Loose debris that you can remove from around your
ball as long as the ball doesn’t move.
improve your lie: To move the ball to make a shot easier. This
is illegal unless local rules dictate otherwise.
in play: Within the confines of the course (not out-of-bounds).
in-to-out: Swing path whereby the clubhead moves through the
impact area on a line to the right of the target.
in your pocket: When a player picks his ball up without finishing
a hole.
insert: Plate in the face of wooden clubs or putters.
inside out: Clubhead moves through the impact area on a line
to the right of the target.
inside: Area on your side of a line drawn from the ball to the
target.
intended line: The path on which you want the ball to fly on.
interlocking: Type of grip where the little finger of the right
hand is entwined with the index finger of the left.
investment cast: Clubs made from a mold.
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J
jail: Slang for when you and your ball are in very deep trouble.
jigger: Old term for a 4-iron.
jungle: Slang for heavy rough, or an unprepared area of long
grass.
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K
kick: Another term for bounce.
kill: To hit a long shot.
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L
lag: A putt hit with the intent of leaving the ball close to
the cup.
laid off: When the club points
to the left of the target at the top of the backswing.
lateral
hazard: Water hazard marked by red stakes and usually parallel
to the fairway.
lay-up: Conservatively played shot to avoid
possible trouble.
leader board: Place where lowest scores in tournament are posted.
leak: Ball drifting to the right during
flight.
lie: Where your ball is on the ground. Also, the angle at which
the club shaft extends from the head.
lift: picking up your ball.
line: The path of a shot to the hole.
line up: To stand behind a shot to take aim.
links: A seaside course.
lip: Edge of a cup or bunker.
lip-out: Ball touches the edge of the cup but doesn’t drop in.
local knowledge: Information known through repeated playing of
a course.
local rules: Set of rules determined by the members, rules committee,
or course professional applied to a specific tournament or course.
loft: The degree of angle on the clubface.
long game: Shots hit with long irons and woods.
loop: Slang for "to caddy." Or a round of golf.
low-handicapper: Good player. low side:
Area below the hole on a sloping green. LPGA: Ladies Professional
Golf Association.
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M
make: Hole a shot. makeable: Shot with a good chance of
being holed. mallet: Putter with a wide head. mark:
To indicate the position of the ball with a small, round, flat
object, such as a coin, usually on the green. marker: Small,
round object, such as a coin, placed behind the ball to indicate
its position when you lift it. Or the person keeping score.
marshal: Person controlling the crowd at a tournament or pace
at golf course.
mashie:
Old term for a 5-iron.
mashie-niblick: Old term for a 7-iron.
Masters: First major championship of each calendar year. Always
played at the Augusta National course in Georgia.
match of cards: Comparing your scorecard to your opponent’s to
see who won.
match play: Game played between two sides. The side that wins
the most holes wins the match.
matched set: Clubs designed to look and feel the same.
medal play (strokeplay): Game played between any number of players.
The player with the lowest score wins.
metal wood: Wooden
club made of metal.
mid-iron: Old term for a 2-iron.
miniature course: Putting course.
misclub: To use the wrong club for the distance.
misread: To foresee the wrong line on a putt.
miss the cut: To be eliminated because of high score after a
designated round, usually after 36 holes in a tournament.
mixed foursome: Two men, two women.
model swing: Perfect technique in ball striking.
mulligan: Second attempt at a shot without counting the first.
This is illegal.
municipal course: A course owned by the local government and
thus open to the public.
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N
nassau: Bet in which a round of 18 holes is divided into three
— front nine, back nine, and full 18.
net score: Score
for a hole or round after handicap strokes are deducted.
never
up, never in: Annoying saying coined for a putt that finishes
short of the hole.
niblick: Old term for a 9-iron.
19th hole: The clubhouse bar.
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O
O.B.: Out-of-bounds.
off-center hit: Less than a solid contact with the ball.
offset: Club with the head set behind the shaft.
one-putt: To take only a single putt on a green.
one up: Being one hole ahead in the match play.
open face: Clubface aligned to the right of the target at address
or impact.
open stance: Player sets up with feet and body alligned to the
left of target.
open up the hole: When your shot leaves the best possible angle
to the hole.
out-of-bounds: Area outside the boundaries of the course, usually
marked with white posts.
outside: Area on the far side of the ball or target path.
outside in: Swing path across the ball-target line from right-to-left.
(See inside out.)
over the green: Ball hit too far.
overclub: To use a club that will hit the ball too far.
overlapping: A type of grip where the little finger of the right
hand lies over the index finger of the left hand.
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P
pairings: Grouping of players with specific tee times.
par: designated score for a hole.
partner:
A player on your side. penal: Difficult. persimmon:
A wood from which many wooden clubs are made. PGA: Professional
Golfers’ Association.
Piccolo grip: A very loose hold on the club.
pigeon: An opponent you should beat easily.
pin: The pole placed in the hole that holds the flag.
pin-high (hole-high): Same distance as the hole.
pin-placement: The location of the hole on the green.
pitch: A short, high approach shot.
pitch and putt: A short course; getting down in two strokes from
off the green.
pitch-and-run: Short shot that flies low and rolls.
pitching-niblick: Old term for an 8-iron.
pivot: The body turn during the swing.
plane: The arc of the swing.
playoff: Two or more players play extra holes to break a tie.
play through: When a faster group, by invitationm passes a slower
group in front.
plugged lie: When the ball finishes half-buried in the turf or a bunker.
plumb-bob: Lining up a putt with one eye closed and the putter held vertically in front of the face.
pop-up: High, short shot hit off the topp of the clubface.
pot bunker: Small, steeply faced bunker.
practice green: Place to practice putting.
preferred lies: Temporary rule that allows you to move the ball to a more favorable position because of wet conditions.
press: When a new bet takes begins during a match for remaining
holes.
private club: A club open to members and their guests only.
Pro-Am: A competition in which professional partners team with
amateurs.
professional: A golfer who plays or teaches for income.
pro shop: A place where you sign up to start play and can buy balls, clubs, and so on.
provisional ball: Another ball played from the same spot if origional
ball is potentially lost or out-of-bounds.
public course: A golf course open to all.
pull: A straight shot that flies to the left of the target.
punch: A shot hit lower with the ball back in the stance and a shorter-than-normal follow-through.
push: A straight shot that flies to the right of the target.
putter: A straight-faced club generally used on the greens.
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Q
qualifying school: A place where aspiring professional golfers
try to qualify for the PGA and LPGA Tours.
quitting: Not hitting through a shot with conviction.
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R
rabbit: The first player in an event.
rake: Device used to smooth the sand after you leave a bunker.
range: Practice area.
range ball: Generally a low-quality ball used on a driving range.
rap: To hit a putt firmly.
read the green: To assess the path on which a putt must travel to the hole.
regular: A shaft with normal flex.
regulation: Standard ball striking goal. i.e. hitting
a par 4 green in 3 shots.
release: The point in the downswing where the wrists uncock.
relief: Where you drop a ball that was in a hazard or affected by an obstruction.
reverse overlap: Putting grip in which the little finger of the right hand overlaps the index finger of the left hand.
rhythm: The tempo of your swing.
rifle: To hit the ball hard, straight, and far.
rim the cup (lip-out): Ball touches the edge of the
cup but doesn’t drop in.
ringer score: Your best-ever score at each hole on the course.
Road Hole: The 17th hole at St. Andrews.
roll: On wooden clubs, the curve on the clubface from the top to the bottom of the face.
rough: Unprepared area of long grass on either side of the fairway.
round: Eighteen holes of golf.
Royal & Ancient Golf Club: The golf governing organization
that runs the British Open.
rub of the green: Luck.
run: The roll on the ball after landing.
run up: A type of shot to play when the ground is firm. You bounce the ball onto the green and let it roll to the hole.
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S
sandbagger: A golfer who lies about his or her ability/handicap to gain an advantage.
sand trap (bunker): A sand
filled hazard.
sandy: Making par after being in a bunker.
scorecard: Where the length, par, rating, and score of each hole is recorded.
scoring: The grooves on the clubface.
scramble: To play erratic golf but still score well; a team game where all hit and then pick the best shot, then repeat until holed.
scratch play (medal play):
golf - no handicap deduction.
scratch player: One with a 0 handicap or less.
second cut: Second level of rough, higher than first cut.
semi-private: A course with members that is
also open to the public.
semi-rough: Grass in the rough that is not too
long, not too short.
setup (address): The positioning
of your body in relation to the ball just before starting your
swing.
shaft: The part of the club that joins the grip to the head.
shag: To retrieve practice balls.
shag bag: device that carries and picks up practice
balls.
shallow: Narrow clubface. Or a flattish angle of attack into the ball.
shank: Shot struck from the club’s hosel; flies far to the right of the intended target.
shooting the lights out: To play very well.
short cut: Cut of grass on the fairway or green.
short game: Shots played on and around the green.
shut: Clubface aligned left at address or impact; looking skyward at the top of the backswing. Results in a shot that goes to the left of the target.
sidehill lie: Ball either above or below your feet.
sidesaddle: Putting style where a player faces the hole while making the stroke.
sink (drain): To make a putt.
sit down: A verbal request for the ball to stop.
skins: Betting game where the lowest score on a hole wins the pot. If the hole is tied, the money carries over to the next hole.
skull (blade, thin): To hit
the ball around its equator.
sky: Ball flies off the top of the clubface — very high and short.
sleeve of balls: Box of three golf balls.
slice: Shot that curves sharply from left to right.
smile: Cut in a ball caused by a skulled shot.
smother: To hit the ball with a closed clubface,
resulting in a low, hooking shot.
snake: Long putt.
snap hook: Severe hook.
sole: Bottom of the clubhead.
sole plate: Piece of metal attached to the bottom of a wooden club.
spade-mashie: Old term for a 6-iron.
spike mark: Mark on the green made by a golf shoe.
spin-out: Legs moving too fast in relation to the upper body on the downswing.
spoon: Old term for a 3-wood.
spot putting: Aiming for a point on the green over which the ball must run if it is to go in the hole.
square: Score of a match is even. Or the clubface and stance are aligned perfectly with the target.
square face: Clubface looking directly at the target at address/impact.
square grooves: USGA banned them from clubfaces.
St. Andrews: Located in Fife, Scotland, the home of golf.
stableford: Method of scoring by using points rather than strokes.
stance: Position of the feet and body.
starter: Person running the order of play from the first tee.
starting time: When you tee off at the first tee.
stick: The pole that holds the flag and marks the hole.
stiff: A shot hit very close to the hole; shaft
with reduced flex.
stimpmeter: Device used to measure the speed of greens.
stroke: Movement of club with the intent to hit the ball.
stroke hole: Hole at which one either gives or receives a shot, with respect of handicaps.
stymie: Ball obstructing your route to the hole — now obsolete.
sudden-death: Form of playoff whereby the first player to win a hole wins the match.
superintendent: Person responsible for the maintenance of the course.
surlyn: Material from which most balls are made.
swale: Depression or dip in terrain.
sway: To move excessively to the right on the backswing without turning the body.
sweet spot: Perfect point on the clubface with which to strike the ball.
swing plane: Angle at which the club shaft travels around the body during a swing.
swing weight: Measure of a club’s weight to its length.
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T
takeaway: Early part of the backswing. tap-in: Very short
putt.
tee: Wooden peg on which the ball is set for the first shot on
a hole; area from which that initial shot is hit.
teeing ground (teebox): Area in which you may tee your ball -
box formed between the tee markers extending two club lengths
behind them.
tee it up: To start
play. tempo: The rhythm of your swing. temporary
green: Used in winter to save the permanent green.
Texas wedge: Putter when used from off the green.
that’ll play: A vebal reference to a shot stopping in play.
thin (skull, blade): To hit
the ball around its equator.
three-putt: Three strokes to hole-out after reaching a green.
through the green: The whole course except hazards, tees, and
greens. Tiger
tee: Slang for the back tee.
tight: Narrow fairway.
tight lie: The ball on bare ground or very short grass.
timing: The pace and sequence of movement in your swing.
titanium: Metal used in lightweight shafts, clubheads, and golf
balls.
top: Ball is struck above the equator.
torque: Twisting of the shaft at impact.
tour: Series of tournaments for professionals.
tradesman’s entrance: Ball goes in the hole from the rear of the cup.
trajectory: Flight of the ball.
trap (sand trap, bunker): Hazard
filled with sand.
triple bogey: Three over par on one hole.
turn: To make your way to the back nine holes. Or the rotation of the upper body
during the backswing and forward swing.
twitch (yips): When a golfer
misses short putts because of bad nerves or excessive wrist movement.
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U
uncock (release): The point
in the downswing where the wrists release.
underclub: To take at least one club
less than needed for distance.
unplayable lie: You can’t hit the ball and take a drop with one
stroke penalty.
up: Ahead in the match; player next to play; reaching the hole
with your ball.
up and down: To get the ball into the hole
in two strokes from somewhere off the green. upright: To
swing with a steep vertical plane. USGA: United States
Golf Association. The ruling body for golf in the United States.
U.S. Open: National men’s golf championship of America.
U.S. Women’s Open: National women’s golf championship of America.
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V
Vardon grip: See overlapping.
Vardon Trophy: Given to PGA Tour player with
lowest scoring average.
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W
waggle: Movement of the clubhead or body prior to the swing.
water hazard: Marked body of water where relief is taken under
one stroke penalty.
wedge:
Lofted club (iron) used for pitching.
whiff: Intentional swing that misses the ball.
whipping: The string around the shaft/head of a wooden club.
whippy: A shaft more flexible than normal. windcheater:
Low drive.
winter rules: See preferred lies.
wormburner: Low mishit.
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Y
yips: When a golfer misses short putts because of bad nerves
or excessive wrist movement.
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